Hydraulic Optimization through Iterative Design of the Existing Water Distribution System of Talaandig Tribe in Talakag, Bukidnon

Abstract

Water is indispensable for biodiversity and human consumption. However, access to water security has become a prominent issue due to a skyrocketing population that strains water supply and water infrastructure. Talaandig tribe - an indigenous community in Talakag, Bukidnon, faces water scarcity that stems from a suboptimal water distribution system and inadequate water resources. Thus, this study seeks to evaluate the hydraulic efficiency of the community’s existing water distribution network and propose a network optimization for a sustainable water distribution system within 15 years. The methods used involve qualitative and simulation-based research approaches. Researchers conducted focus group discussion with the Datu of the tribe in consonance with the topographic and reconnaissance data of the area to gather substantial information. Additionally, researchers conducted a topographic survey using Real-Time Kinematics. Thereafter, the data collected were entered in EPANET 2.0 via extended-period simulation and analysis. Results revealed negative pressure in most of the pipe networks of the existing system. Consequently, a network optimization was performed by designing a level II water distribution system. The design included the forecasted water demand of the population for 15 years which is equivalent to 2.623 lps. Moreover, projected climate change impacts, such as increased rainfall variability and heightened drought risk, may significantly affect the long-term sustainability and reliability of the Talaandig Tribe’s water distribution system. These factors necessitate the integration of climate-resilient design choices within the optimization framework, ensuring adaptive capacity to fluctuating water availability and future hydrological uncertainties.